GLOBAL INVESTMENT STRATEGY, EXECUTION AND RISK MANAGEMENT FOR INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS

 

 

Italy +20 month -2y BTSZ0 contract steepener

 

Structure

+ €50MM ICTZ 0% sep22

-759 contracts, BTSZ0 (Ctd Btps 0.05% 1/15/23), €18,5k/01

 

Level: +5bp

Add: +7.5bp
                Target: +2bp short term, Flat Long Term

 

Cix:

(YIELD[ICTZ 0 09/28/22 Corp] - YIELD[BTPS 0.05 01/15/23 Corp]) * 100

 

BBG Graph:

 

Rationale

• Tapping of the ICTZ Sep22 has made it cheap on the curve
• The forward between the two bonds (20m4m fwd) is below Eonia given the current spread and market level
• The rally in short end Italy has been expressed by CTAs in the BTS contract. The contract has outperformed neighbours on the curve.
• When the contract rolls off in early Dec we expect the CTD to cheapen

 

Thoughts

• Credit Wideners are ten a penny right now. Most fade a move that’s been a grind since March, but what I like about this one is the value – we’ve actually managed to get a forward below Eonia – so to me I’d have it in some size and roll contracts in early Dec as a value outlier that will prob works best in an Italy sell-off
• In mitigation, there’s a decent amount of Balance sheet being used – if I was Bal. Sheet ‘adjusting’ I’d probably be looking at +20y -30y +50y – let me know if that’s interesting

 

Forwards

 

Carry & Roll

-0.6bp /3mo @ -10bp repo spread

 

 

 

               James & Will

 

James Rice

 

UK: 14-16 Dowgate Hill, London ec4r 2su

US: 60 Rumson rd, rumson, nj 07760

Office: +44 (0) 203 -143 - 4178

Mobile: +44 (0) 7540-117705

Email:  james.rice@astorridge.com

Website:  www.astorridge.com

 

This marketing was prepared by James Rice, a consultant with Astor Ridge.  It is not appropriate to characterize this e-mail as independent investment research as referred to in MiFID and that it should be treated as a marketing communication even if it contains a trade recommendation. A history of marketing materials and research reports can be provided upon request in compliance with the European Commission’s Market Abuse Regulation.  Astor Ridge takes no proprietary trading risk, has no market making facilities, and has no position in any security we discuss in this e-mail.  The views in this e-mail are those of the author(s) and are subject to change, and Astor Ridge has no obligation to update its opinions or the information in this publication. If this e-mail contains opinions or recommendations, those opinions or recommendations reflect solely and exclusively those of the author, and such opinions were prepared independently of any other interests, including those of Astor Ridge and/or its affiliates. This publication does not constitute personal investment advice or take into account the individual financial circumstances or objectives of the those who receive it. The securities discussed herein may not be suitable for all investors. Astor Ridge recommends that investors independently evaluate each issuer, security or instrument discussed herein, and consult any independent advisors they believe necessary. The value of, and income from, any investment may fluctuate from day to day as a result of changes in relevant economic markets (including changes in market liquidity). The information herein is not intended to predict actual results, which may differ substantially from those reflected. Past performance is not necessarily indicative of future results. 

 

You should not use or disclose to any other person the contents of this e-mail or its attachments (if any), nor take copies. This e-mail is not a representation or warranty and is not intended nor should it be taken to create any legal relations, contractual or otherwise. This e-mail and any files transmitted with it are confidential, may be legally privileged, and are for the sole use of the intended recipient. Copyright in this e-mail and any accompanying document created by Astor Ridge LLP is owned by Astor Ridge LLP. 

 

Astor Ridge LLP is regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA):  Registration Number 579287

Astor Ridge LLP is Registered in England and Wales with Companies House:  Registration Number OC372185

Astor Ridge NA LLP is a member of FINRA/SIPC:  CRD Number 282626

Astor Ridge NA LLP is a member of the National Futures Association (NFA):  Firm ID Number 0499303

Astor Ridge NA LLP is Registered in England and Wales with Companies House:  Registration Number OC401796

 

 

FX UPDATE : USD WEAKNESS CONTINUES AND HAS BEEN A GOOD CATALYST TO HIGHER BOND YIELDS! IDEALLY THE USD HEADS LOWER INTO MONTH END.

THE AUD IS THE ONE TO WATCH, IT IS POISED FOR A MAJOR RALLY HAVING MOVED ABOVE ITS MULTI-YEAR RETRACEMENT AND MOVING AVERAGE 0.7253.

USD CAD HAS BREACHED ITS MAJOR 50 PERIOD MOVING AVERAGE 1.3177 AND HEADED LOWER!

HERE ARE A SELECTION OF USD CROSSES THAT MUST SURELY SEE THE USD FADE OVER TIME. SIMILAR TO THE BOND MARKET REJECTION OF ITS MARCH EXTREMES!

I HAVE USED NON-CORE CROSSES AS THEY ACHIEVED SOME MAJOR DISLOCATIONS IN MARCH SIMILAR TO US BONDS. I HAVE MARRIED THE USD WITH BRL,MXN,RUB AND CLP. THEY HIGHLIGHT BOTH USD AND US BONDS ARE HEADING LOWER FOR SOME TIME.

USDTRY HAS JUST BREACHED A MAJOR 2001 TRENDLINE 7.9809.

SOME CROSSES ARE AT MULTI YEAR EXTREMES AND REPRESENT A SIZEABLE LONGTERM TRADE OPPORTUNITY.

 

 

ASTOR RIDGE : Independent Ideas, Research, Liquidity, Anonymity and Trusted Experience.

 

• UK:         14-16 Dowgate Hill, London EC4R 2SU
• US:          245 Park Ave, 39^th Floor, NY, NY, 10167
• Office:   +44 (0) 203 143 4174
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• •             I provide our research notification below for your convenience:
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• •             Astor Ridge does not provide independent research. We have no dedicated or paid strategists, research portals, or research subscriptions. However, you may receive unsolicited marketing communications from our Introducing Brokers from time to time, which may refer to specific trade recommendations. These recommendations are based solely on the opinion of the author, and are not official research recommendations of Astor Ridge. We have considered guidance from ESMA, and any written material from our Introducing Brokers that might fall within the scope of the rules will be provided for free, and made publicly available on our website, to any EU Investment firm that registers for it.
• •            
• •             If you are a MiFID firm and do not agree with our approach, and instead believe that you must pay for written commentary or trade recommendations, then Astor Ridge will accept  payments determined by    you.
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• •             I also direct you to our disclaimer on our email footer:
• •             This marketing was prepared by Christopher Williams, a consultant with Astor Ridge.  It is not appropriate to characterize this e-mail as independent investment research as referred to in MiFID and that it should be treated as a marketing communication even if it contains a trade recommendation. A history of marketing materials and research reports can be provided upon request in compliance with the European Commission's Market Abuse Regulation.  Astor Ridge takes no proprietary trading risk, has no market making facilities, and has no position in any security we discuss in this e-mail.  The views in this e-mail are those of the author(s) and are subject to change, and Astor Ridge has no obligation to update its opinions or the information in this publication. If this e-mail contains opinions or recommendations, those opinions or recommendations reflect solely and exclusively those of the author, and such opinions were prepared independently of any other interests, including those of Astor Ridge and/or its affiliates. This publication does not constitute personal investment advice or take into account the individual financial circumstances or objectives of the those who receive it. The securities discussed herein may not be suitable for all investors. Astor Ridge recommends that investors independently evaluate each issuer, security or instrument discussed herein, and consult any independent advisors they believe necessary. The value of, and income from, any investment may fluctuate from day to day as a result of changes in relevant economic markets (including changes in market liquidity). The information herein is not intended to predict actual results, which may differ substantially from those reflected. Past performance is not necessarily indicative of future results. 
• •            
• •             You should not use or disclose to any other person the contents of this e-mail or its attachments (if any), nor take copies. This e-mail is not a representation or warranty and is not intended nor should it be taken to create any legal relations, contractual or otherwise. This e-mail and any files transmitted with it are confidential, may be legally privileged, and are for the sole use of the intended recipient. Copyright in this e-mail and any accompanying document created by Astor Ridge LLP is owned by Astor Ridge LLP. 
• •            
• •             Astor Ridge LLP is regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA):  Registration Number 579287
• •             Astor Ridge LLP is Registered in England and Wales with Companies House:  Registration Number OC372185
• •             Astor Ridge NA LLP is a member of FINRA/SIPC:  CRD Number 282626
• •             Astor Ridge NA LLP is a member of the National Futures Association (NFA):  Firm ID Number 0499303
• •             Astor Ridge NA LLP is Registered in England and Wales with Companies House:  Registration Number OC401796
• •            
• •            
• •             If there is anything else you require from us to continue receiving our market communications, or prefer a different medium for access (e.g. publicly available password protected access on the Astor Ridge website), please do let me know.
• •            
• •             Otherwise, if you are more comfortable to deem consent by simply acknowledging receipt of this email, and continuing our trading relationship under our updated terms of business below, without registering your disapproval, we are happy to proceed on that basis.
• •            
• •             Many thanks,
• •            
• •             Chris

 

 

BONDS YIELDS : YIELDS NEED TO MOVE HIGHER THIS WEEK AND ALL EYES ON THE US 30YR FOR CONFIRMATION!

TO MAINTAIN THE LONGTERM YIELD HIGHER CALL WE NEED TO CLOSE BACK AT THE MONTHS HIGHS.

**WE HAVE PLENTY OF PROMINENT LEVELS TO WATCH FOR.**

US 10-30 CURVE HAS AN RSI LOW NOT SEEN SINCE NOVEMBER 2019, THUS SHOULD STEEPEN!

US 30YR YIELD IS HAPPILY HOLDING ABOVE ITS 1.4609 2OO DAY MOVING AVERAGE, WHILST SUB 174-07 THE ALL IMPORTANT FURURES 50 DAY MOVING AVERAGE. WE HAVE FAILED THIS MOVING AVERAGE SEVERAL TIMES PREVIOUSLY.

US 10YR YIELD HAS HELD ABOVE ITS 0.7735 2OO DAY MOVING AVERAGE.

US 5YR YIELD IS POISED TO JOIN THE 30YR AND 10YR BY BREACHING ITS LONG STANDING 200 DAY MOVING AVERAGE 0.4268.

REMEMBER THIS HAS ALSO BEEN ONE OF THE BIGGEST VOLUME MONTHS FOR SOME TIME.

ALL US MONTHLY AND QUARTERLY RSI DISLOCATIONS CONTINUE TO FORECAST MUCH HIGHER YIELDS, ESPECIALLY IN THE FRONT END.

 

 

ASTOR RIDGE : Independent Ideas, Research, Liquidity, Anonymity and Trusted Experience.

 

• UK:         14-16 Dowgate Hill, London EC4R 2SU
• US:          245 Park Ave, 39^th Floor, NY, NY, 10167
• Office:   +44 (0) 203 143 4174
• Mobile:  +44 (0) 7980708683
• Email:     chris.williams@astorridge.com
• Web:       www.AstorRidge.com
•  
• •             I provide our research notification below for your convenience:
• •            
• •             Research Unbundling:
• •            
• •             Astor Ridge does not provide independent research. We have no dedicated or paid strategists, research portals, or research subscriptions. However, you may receive unsolicited marketing communications from our Introducing Brokers from time to time, which may refer to specific trade recommendations. These recommendations are based solely on the opinion of the author, and are not official research recommendations of Astor Ridge. We have considered guidance from ESMA, and any written material from our Introducing Brokers that might fall within the scope of the rules will be provided for free, and made publicly available on our website, to any EU Investment firm that registers for it.
• •            
• •             If you are a MiFID firm and do not agree with our approach, and instead believe that you must pay for written commentary or trade recommendations, then Astor Ridge will accept  payments determined by    you.
• •            
• •            
• •            
• •             I also direct you to our disclaimer on our email footer:
• •             This marketing was prepared by Christopher Williams, a consultant with Astor Ridge.  It is not appropriate to characterize this e-mail as independent investment research as referred to in MiFID and that it should be treated as a marketing communication even if it contains a trade recommendation. A history of marketing materials and research reports can be provided upon request in compliance with the European Commission's Market Abuse Regulation.  Astor Ridge takes no proprietary trading risk, has no market making facilities, and has no position in any security we discuss in this e-mail.  The views in this e-mail are those of the author(s) and are subject to change, and Astor Ridge has no obligation to update its opinions or the information in this publication. If this e-mail contains opinions or recommendations, those opinions or recommendations reflect solely and exclusively those of the author, and such opinions were prepared independently of any other interests, including those of Astor Ridge and/or its affiliates. This publication does not constitute personal investment advice or take into account the individual financial circumstances or objectives of the those who receive it. The securities discussed herein may not be suitable for all investors. Astor Ridge recommends that investors independently evaluate each issuer, security or instrument discussed herein, and consult any independent advisors they believe necessary. The value of, and income from, any investment may fluctuate from day to day as a result of changes in relevant economic markets (including changes in market liquidity). The information herein is not intended to predict actual results, which may differ substantially from those reflected. Past performance is not necessarily indicative of future results. 
• •            
• •             You should not use or disclose to any other person the contents of this e-mail or its attachments (if any), nor take copies. This e-mail is not a representation or warranty and is not intended nor should it be taken to create any legal relations, contractual or otherwise. This e-mail and any files transmitted with it are confidential, may be legally privileged, and are for the sole use of the intended recipient. Copyright in this e-mail and any accompanying document created by Astor Ridge LLP is owned by Astor Ridge LLP. 
• •            
• •             Astor Ridge LLP is regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA):  Registration Number 579287
• •             Astor Ridge LLP is Registered in England and Wales with Companies House:  Registration Number OC372185
• •             Astor Ridge NA LLP is a member of FINRA/SIPC:  CRD Number 282626
• •             Astor Ridge NA LLP is a member of the National Futures Association (NFA):  Firm ID Number 0499303
• •             Astor Ridge NA LLP is Registered in England and Wales with Companies House:  Registration Number OC401796
• •            
• •            
• •             If there is anything else you require from us to continue receiving our market communications, or prefer a different medium for access (e.g. publicly available password protected access on the Astor Ridge website), please do let me know.
• •            
• •             Otherwise, if you are more comfortable to deem consent by simply acknowledging receipt of this email, and continuing our trading relationship under our updated terms of business below, without registering your disapproval, we are happy to proceed on that basis.
• •            
• •             Many thanks,
• •            
• •             Chris

 

 

 

Trades & Fades

 

• Thanksgiving & Black Friday Week

 

• Supply

Monday        :           Belgium 6/25, 4/33

                        Tuesday        :           Holland 1/27

                        Wednesday  :           ITALY ICTZ 9/22

Friday            :           ITALY 5y, 10Y & CCT

 

New SURE 15y?

 

• Credit

Credit is on the narrow – looking to sell the larger issuers versus wings – France has richened but not quite rich enough in absolute terms

 

 

 

                With rolls coming into focus, we are looking at structures to take advantage of the long positions in front months:

 

          Sell BTS 01/15/2023 (front month BTS) into ICTZ Sep-2022 at 5 bpts (Tap on Wednesday)

• CTZ continues to be unloved, but at current levels we feel that long CTZ vs short BTSZ0 (or the underlying CTD) is a sensible way to play the roll:

 

 

                Forwards:

 

 

 

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 

 

Sell BTPS 8/29 -> BTPS 4/31 ahead of the tap on Friday at 18.25 bpts

 

Similarly, whilst IKZ0 (So BTPS 8/29) has cheapened, we think that short front month IK vs the 10y tap bond offers good entry levels for a micro-flattener and allows us to be short the roll given what we see as long positioning in the front month contract.

 

 

 

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 

New 15y EU expected this week –

 

Trade: Buy 15y EU vs -RX & -UB

We have modelled EU 0% Nov 35

 

We see 'Fair Value' at MS -10.75bp

Here's how Forwards look in EU on that basis

 

To get the forward 10y5y vs 15y5y flat, which we think is a value level on the curve– we need the bond to be @ MS -8.5bp

And forwards would look as follows,, at which point the 10y5y and the 155y would be flat in an otherwise steep curve

*As a credit there's an a existing 1.5% 35s out there (trades MS -4.8bp), but the newer issues seem to create a richer curve of their own – being larger and more recent bonds

 

Here's how EU would look vs other 15y Credits on a Z-spread vs Germany….

Blue: Z-Spreads vs Germany
Orange: Fitted Curve

               

*Credit score is an assessment of rating and outlook Fitch, S&P and Moodys

 

Conclusion – as a flat credit trade vs Semi Core vs Germany, Austria, Finland, Belgium and France – these look attractive

 

Also the 15y in Germany has cheapened vs RX & UB…

 

Cix: 200 * (YIELD[DBR 0 05/15/35 Corp] - 0.5 * YIELD[DBR 0 08/15/29 Corp] - 0.5 * YIELD[DBR 2.5 08/15/46 Corp])

 

Graph

 

Adding this all together , we like +EU 15y vs -RX and -UB, contingent on pricing around the MS -9 bp mark

 

 

 

Let me know your thoughts – more to follow

 

 

 

 

James & Will

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

James Rice

 

UK: 14-16 Dowgate Hill, London ec4r 2su

US: 60 Rumson rd, rumson, nj 07760

Office: +44 (0) 203 -143 - 4178

Mobile: +44 (0) 7540-117705

Email:  james.rice@astorridge.com

Website:  www.astorridge.com

 

This marketing was prepared by James Rice, a consultant with Astor Ridge.  It is not appropriate to characterize this e-mail as independent investment research as referred to in MiFID and that it should be treated as a marketing communication even if it contains a trade recommendation. A history of marketing materials and research reports can be provided upon request in compliance with the European Commission's Market Abuse Regulation.  Astor Ridge takes no proprietary trading risk, has no market making facilities, and has no position in any security we discuss in this e-mail.  The views in this e-mail are those of the author(s) and are subject to change, and Astor Ridge has no obligation to update its opinions or the information in this publication. If this e-mail contains opinions or recommendations, those opinions or recommendations reflect solely and exclusively those of the author, and such opinions were prepared independently of any other interests, including those of Astor Ridge and/or its affiliates. This publication does not constitute personal investment advice or take into account the individual financial circumstances or objectives of the those who receive it. The securities discussed herein may not be suitable for all investors. Astor Ridge recommends that investors independently evaluate each issuer, security or instrument discussed herein, and consult any independent advisors they believe necessary. The value of, and income from, any investment may fluctuate from day to day as a result of changes in relevant economic markets (including changes in market liquidity). The information herein is not intended to predict actual results, which may differ substantially from those reflected. Past performance is not necessarily indicative of future results. 

 

You should not use or disclose to any other person the contents of this e-mail or its attachments (if any), nor take copies. This e-mail is not a representation or warranty and is not intended nor should it be taken to create any legal relations, contractual or otherwise. This e-mail and any files transmitted with it are confidential, may be legally privileged, and are for the sole use of the intended recipient. Copyright in this e-mail and any accompanying document created by Astor Ridge LLP is owned by Astor Ridge LLP. 

 

Astor Ridge LLP is regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA):  Registration Number 579287

Astor Ridge LLP is Registered in England and Wales with Companies House:  Registration Number OC372185

Astor Ridge NA LLP is a member of FINRA/SIPC:  CRD Number 282626

Astor Ridge NA LLP is a member of the National Futures Association (NFA):  Firm ID Number 0499303

Astor Ridge NA LLP is Registered in England and Wales with Companies House:  Registration Number OC401796

 

 

 

 

Trades & Fades

 

• Thanksgiving & Black Friday Week

 

• Supply

Monday        :           Belgium 6/25, 4/33

                        Tuesday        :           Holland 1/27

                        Wednesday  :           ITALY ICTZ 9/22

Friday            :           ITALY 5y, 10Y & CCT

 

New SURE 15y?

 

• Credit

Credit is on the narrow – looking to sell the larger issuers versus wings – France has richened but not quite rich enough in absolute terms

 

 

 

                With rolls coming into focus, we are looking at structures to take advantage of the long positions in front months:

 

          Sell BTS 01/15/2023 (front month BTS) into ICTZ Sep-2022 at 5 bpts (Tap on Wednesday)

• CTZ continues to be unloved, but at current levels we feel that long CTZ vs short BTSZ0 (or the underlying CTD) is a sensible way to play the roll:

 

 

                Forwards:

 

 

 

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 

 

Sell BTPS 8/29 -> BTPS 4/31 ahead of the tap on Friday at 18.25 bpts

 

Similarly, whilst IKZ0 (So BTPS 8/29) has cheapened, we think that short front month IK vs the 10y tap bond offers good entry levels for a micro-flattener and allows us to be short the roll given what we see as long positioning in the front month contract.

 

 

 

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 

New 15y EU expected this week –

 

Trade: Buy 15y EU vs -RX & -UB

We have modelled EU 0% Nov 35

 

We see 'Fair Value' at MS -10.75bp

Here's how Forwards look in EU on that basis

 

To get the forward 10y5y vs 15y5y flat, which we think is a value level on the curve– we need the bond to be @ MS -8.5bp

And forwards would look as follows,, at which point the 10y5y and the 155y would be flat in an otherwise steep curve

*As a credit there's an a existing 1.5% 35s out there (trades MS -4.8bp), but the newer issues seem to create a richer curve of their own – being larger and more recent bonds

 

Here's how EU would look vs other 15y Credits on a Z-spread vs Germany….

Blue: Z-Spreads vs Germany
Orange: Fitted Curve

               

*Credit score is an assessment of rating and outlook Fitch, S&P and Moodys

 

Conclusion – as a flat credit trade vs Semi Core vs Germany, Austria, Finland, Belgium and France – these look attractive

 

Also the 15y in Germany has cheapened vs RX & UB…

 

Cix: 200 * (YIELD[DBR 0 05/15/35 Corp] - 0.5 * YIELD[DBR 0 08/15/29 Corp] - 0.5 * YIELD[DBR 2.5 08/15/46 Corp])

 

Graph

 

Adding this all together , we like +EU 15y vs -RX and -UB, contingent on pricing around the MS -9 bp mark

 

 

 

Let me know your thoughts – more to follow

 

 

 

 

James & Will

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

James Rice

 

UK: 14-16 Dowgate Hill, London ec4r 2su

US: 60 Rumson rd, rumson, nj 07760

Office: +44 (0) 203 -143 - 4178

Mobile: +44 (0) 7540-117705

Email:  james.rice@astorridge.com

Website:  www.astorridge.com

 

This marketing was prepared by James Rice, a consultant with Astor Ridge.  It is not appropriate to characterize this e-mail as independent investment research as referred to in MiFID and that it should be treated as a marketing communication even if it contains a trade recommendation. A history of marketing materials and research reports can be provided upon request in compliance with the European Commission's Market Abuse Regulation.  Astor Ridge takes no proprietary trading risk, has no market making facilities, and has no position in any security we discuss in this e-mail.  The views in this e-mail are those of the author(s) and are subject to change, and Astor Ridge has no obligation to update its opinions or the information in this publication. If this e-mail contains opinions or recommendations, those opinions or recommendations reflect solely and exclusively those of the author, and such opinions were prepared independently of any other interests, including those of Astor Ridge and/or its affiliates. This publication does not constitute personal investment advice or take into account the individual financial circumstances or objectives of the those who receive it. The securities discussed herein may not be suitable for all investors. Astor Ridge recommends that investors independently evaluate each issuer, security or instrument discussed herein, and consult any independent advisors they believe necessary. The value of, and income from, any investment may fluctuate from day to day as a result of changes in relevant economic markets (including changes in market liquidity). The information herein is not intended to predict actual results, which may differ substantially from those reflected. Past performance is not necessarily indicative of future results. 

 

You should not use or disclose to any other person the contents of this e-mail or its attachments (if any), nor take copies. This e-mail is not a representation or warranty and is not intended nor should it be taken to create any legal relations, contractual or otherwise. This e-mail and any files transmitted with it are confidential, may be legally privileged, and are for the sole use of the intended recipient. Copyright in this e-mail and any accompanying document created by Astor Ridge LLP is owned by Astor Ridge LLP. 

 

Astor Ridge LLP is regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA):  Registration Number 579287

Astor Ridge LLP is Registered in England and Wales with Companies House:  Registration Number OC372185

Astor Ridge NA LLP is a member of FINRA/SIPC:  CRD Number 282626

Astor Ridge NA LLP is a member of the National Futures Association (NFA):  Firm ID Number 0499303

Astor Ridge NA LLP is Registered in England and Wales with Companies House:  Registration Number OC401796

 

 

FX UPDATE : USD WEAKNESS BACK IN PLAY AND CLOSE TO SOME “EXPLOSIVE STATUS” LEVELS. THE LASTEST USD WEAKNESS SHOULD FORCE BOND YIELDS HIGHER AS BEFORE.

THE AUD IS THE ONE TO WATCH, IT IS POISED FOR A MAJOR RALLY HAVING MOVED ABOVE ITS MULTI-YEAR RETRACEMENT AND MOVING AVERAGE 0.7254.

USD CAD HAS BREACHED ITS MAJOR 50 PERIOD MOVING AVERAGE 1.3175 AND HEADED LOWER!

HERE ARE A SELECTION OF USD CROSSES THAT MUST SURELY SEE THE USD FADE OVER TIME. SIMILAR TO THE BOND MARKET REJECTION OF ITS MARCH EXTREMES!

I HAVE USED NON-CORE CROSSES AS THEY ACHIEVED SOME MAJOR DISLOCATIONS IN MARCH SIMILAR TO US BONDS. I HAVE MARRIED THE USD WITH BRL,MXN,RUB AND CLP. THEY HIGHLIGHT BOTH USD AND US BONDS ARE HEADING LOWER FOR SOME TIME.

USDTRY HAS JUST BREACHED A MAJOR 2001 TRENDLINE 7.9809.

SOME CROSSES ARE AT MULTI YEAR EXTREMES AND REPRESENT A SIZEABLE LONGTERM TRADE OPPORTUNITY.

 

 

ASTOR RIDGE : Independent Ideas, Research, Liquidity, Anonymity and Trusted Experience.

 

• UK:         14-16 Dowgate Hill, London EC4R 2SU
• US:          245 Park Ave, 39^th Floor, NY, NY, 10167
• Office:   +44 (0) 203 143 4174
• Mobile:  +44 (0) 7980708683
• Email:     chris.williams@astorridge.com
• Web:       www.AstorRidge.com
•  
• •             I provide our research notification below for your convenience:
• •            
• •             Research Unbundling:
• •            
• •             Astor Ridge does not provide independent research. We have no dedicated or paid strategists, research portals, or research subscriptions. However, you may receive unsolicited marketing communications from our Introducing Brokers from time to time, which may refer to specific trade recommendations. These recommendations are based solely on the opinion of the author, and are not official research recommendations of Astor Ridge. We have considered guidance from ESMA, and any written material from our Introducing Brokers that might fall within the scope of the rules will be provided for free, and made publicly available on our website, to any EU Investment firm that registers for it.
• •            
• •             If you are a MiFID firm and do not agree with our approach, and instead believe that you must pay for written commentary or trade recommendations, then Astor Ridge will accept  payments determined by    you.
• •            
• •            
• •            
• •             I also direct you to our disclaimer on our email footer:
• •             This marketing was prepared by Christopher Williams, a consultant with Astor Ridge.  It is not appropriate to characterize this e-mail as independent investment research as referred to in MiFID and that it should be treated as a marketing communication even if it contains a trade recommendation. A history of marketing materials and research reports can be provided upon request in compliance with the European Commission’s Market Abuse Regulation.  Astor Ridge takes no proprietary trading risk, has no market making facilities, and has no position in any security we discuss in this e-mail.  The views in this e-mail are those of the author(s) and are subject to change, and Astor Ridge has no obligation to update its opinions or the information in this publication. If this e-mail contains opinions or recommendations, those opinions or recommendations reflect solely and exclusively those of the author, and such opinions were prepared independently of any other interests, including those of Astor Ridge and/or its affiliates. This publication does not constitute personal investment advice or take into account the individual financial circumstances or objectives of the those who receive it. The securities discussed herein may not be suitable for all investors. Astor Ridge recommends that investors independently evaluate each issuer, security or instrument discussed herein, and consult any independent advisors they believe necessary. The value of, and income from, any investment may fluctuate from day to day as a result of changes in relevant economic markets (including changes in market liquidity). The information herein is not intended to predict actual results, which may differ substantially from those reflected. Past performance is not necessarily indicative of future results. 
• •            
• •             You should not use or disclose to any other person the contents of this e-mail or its attachments (if any), nor take copies. This e-mail is not a representation or warranty and is not intended nor should it be taken to create any legal relations, contractual or otherwise. This e-mail and any files transmitted with it are confidential, may be legally privileged, and are for the sole use of the intended recipient. Copyright in this e-mail and any accompanying document created by Astor Ridge LLP is owned by Astor Ridge LLP. 
• •            
• •             Astor Ridge LLP is regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA):  Registration Number 579287
• •             Astor Ridge LLP is Registered in England and Wales with Companies House:  Registration Number OC372185
• •             Astor Ridge NA LLP is a member of FINRA/SIPC:  CRD Number 282626
• •             Astor Ridge NA LLP is a member of the National Futures Association (NFA):  Firm ID Number 0499303
• •             Astor Ridge NA LLP is Registered in England and Wales with Companies House:  Registration Number OC401796
• •            
• •            
• •             If there is anything else you require from us to continue receiving our market communications, or prefer a different medium for access (e.g. publicly available password protected access on the Astor Ridge website), please do let me know.
• •            
• •             Otherwise, if you are more comfortable to deem consent by simply acknowledging receipt of this email, and continuing our trading relationship under our updated terms of business below, without registering your disapproval, we are happy to proceed on that basis.
• •            
• •             Many thanks,
• •            
• •             Chris

 

 

US BREAKEVENS AND USGGT : BREAKEVENS ARE FORMING A VERY LONGTERM TOP NOW THAT THEY ARE MOVING INDEPENDENTLY OF THE RUSSELL.

30YR BREAKEVENS POST A VERY TECHNICAL FAILURE STALLING AT THEIR 76.4% RET 1.9053, A PERFECT HIT! ADDITIONALLY MONTHLY 50 PERIOD MOVING AVERAGE IS OFFERING LONGTERM REISTSANCE.

I HAVE ADDED MONTHLY BREAKEVEN CHARTS GIVEN THEIR RSI'S LOOK HISTORICALLY LOFTY AND ADDITIONALLY MOVING AVERAGE RESISTANCE.

USGGT ALL DURATIONS ARE AT HISTORICAL MONTHLY RSI LOWS, ONE OF 2008 PROPORTIONS. A BIG STEP AS THE USGGT 10YR IS TEASING ITS

PRE VIOUS LOW -0.9494. FINALLY WE ARE GRINDING HIGHER.

 

**** A ONCE IN A LIFETIME SITUATION REGARDING USGGT10Y!****

GOLD HAS FAILED SOLID RESISTANCE, I.E. ITS PREVIOUS HIGH.

 

 

ASTOR RIDGE : Independent Ideas, Research, Liquidity, Anonymity and Trusted Experience.

 

• UK:         14-16 Dowgate Hill, London EC4R 2SU
• US:          245 Park Ave, 39^th Floor, NY, NY, 10167
• Office:   +44 (0) 203 143 4174
• Mobile:  +44 (0) 7980708683
• Email:     chris.williams@astorridge.com
• Web:       www.AstorRidge.com
•  
• •             I provide our research notification below for your convenience:
• •            
• •             Research Unbundling:
• •            
• •             Astor Ridge does not provide independent research. We have no dedicated or paid strategists, research portals, or research subscriptions. However, you may receive unsolicited marketing communications from our Introducing Brokers from time to time, which may refer to specific trade recommendations. These recommendations are based solely on the opinion of the author, and are not official research recommendations of Astor Ridge. We have considered guidance from ESMA, and any written material from our Introducing Brokers that might fall within the scope of the rules will be provided for free, and made publicly available on our website, to any EU Investment firm that registers for it.
• •            
• •             If you are a MiFID firm and do not agree with our approach, and instead believe that you must pay for written commentary or trade recommendations, then Astor Ridge will accept  payments determined by    you.
• •            
• •            
• •            
• •             I also direct you to our disclaimer on our email footer:
• •             This marketing was prepared by Christopher Williams, a consultant with Astor Ridge.  It is not appropriate to characterize this e-mail as independent investment research as referred to in MiFID and that it should be treated as a marketing communication even if it contains a trade recommendation. A history of marketing materials and research reports can be provided upon request in compliance with the European Commission's Market Abuse Regulation.  Astor Ridge takes no proprietary trading risk, has no market making facilities, and has no position in any security we discuss in this e-mail.  The views in this e-mail are those of the author(s) and are subject to change, and Astor Ridge has no obligation to update its opinions or the information in this publication. If this e-mail contains opinions or recommendations, those opinions or recommendations reflect solely and exclusively those of the author, and such opinions were prepared independently of any other interests, including those of Astor Ridge and/or its affiliates. This publication does not constitute personal investment advice or take into account the individual financial circumstances or objectives of the those who receive it. The securities discussed herein may not be suitable for all investors. Astor Ridge recommends that investors independently evaluate each issuer, security or instrument discussed herein, and consult any independent advisors they believe necessary. The value of, and income from, any investment may fluctuate from day to day as a result of changes in relevant economic markets (including changes in market liquidity). The information herein is not intended to predict actual results, which may differ substantially from those reflected. Past performance is not necessarily indicative of future results. 
• •            
• •             You should not use or disclose to any other person the contents of this e-mail or its attachments (if any), nor take copies. This e-mail is not a representation or warranty and is not intended nor should it be taken to create any legal relations, contractual or otherwise. This e-mail and any files transmitted with it are confidential, may be legally privileged, and are for the sole use of the intended recipient. Copyright in this e-mail and any accompanying document created by Astor Ridge LLP is owned by Astor Ridge LLP. 
• •            
• •             Astor Ridge LLP is regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA):  Registration Number 579287
• •             Astor Ridge LLP is Registered in England and Wales with Companies House:  Registration Number OC372185
• •             Astor Ridge NA LLP is a member of FINRA/SIPC:  CRD Number 282626
• •             Astor Ridge NA LLP is a member of the National Futures Association (NFA):  Firm ID Number 0499303
• •             Astor Ridge NA LLP is Registered in England and Wales with Companies House:  Registration Number OC401796
• •            
• •            
• •             If there is anything else you require from us to continue receiving our market communications, or prefer a different medium for access (e.g. publicly available password protected access on the Astor Ridge website), please do let me know.
• •            
• •             Otherwise, if you are more comfortable to deem consent by simply acknowledging receipt of this email, and continuing our trading relationship under our updated terms of business below, without registering your disapproval, we are happy to proceed on that basis.
• •            
• •             Many thanks,
• •            
• •             Chris

 

 

VOLUME AND OPEN INTEREST SPECIAL : AHEAD OF THE FUTURES ROLLS HERE IS A PIECE ON THE RECENT VOLUME AND THE BIG DROP IN OPEN INTEREST FROM MARCH 2020 IN THE MAJORITY OF THE CURVE. SOME CHARTS WILL CERTAINLY PROVOKE DISCUSSION.

ONE OTHER BIG STAND OUT IS THE VOLUMES IN NOVEMBER EVEN ECLIPSE THOSE OF THE PREVIOUS ROLL PERIOD!

ADDITIONALLY OPEN INTEREST SUFFERED A SIGNIFICANT DROP SINCE MANY NATURAL REAL MONEY "LONGS" TOOK PROFITS. WE ARE STILL WITNESSING SOME BUYERS OF BOND DIPS BUT AS A WHOLE THE DEMAND IS LOWER WITH LONG HOLDERS HISTORICALLY REDUCED.

 

 

ASTOR RIDGE : Independent Ideas, Research, Liquidity, Anonymity and Trusted Experience.

 

• UK:         14-16 Dowgate Hill, London EC4R 2SU
• US:          245 Park Ave, 39^th Floor, NY, NY, 10167
• Office:   +44 (0) 203 143 4174
• Mobile:  +44 (0) 7980708683
• Email:     chris.williams@astorridge.com
• Web:       www.AstorRidge.com
•  
• •             I provide our research notification below for your convenience:
• •            
• •             Research Unbundling:
• •            
• •             Astor Ridge does not provide independent research. We have no dedicated or paid strategists, research portals, or research subscriptions. However, you may receive unsolicited marketing communications from our Introducing Brokers from time to time, which may refer to specific trade recommendations. These recommendations are based solely on the opinion of the author, and are not official research recommendations of Astor Ridge. We have considered guidance from ESMA, and any written material from our Introducing Brokers that might fall within the scope of the rules will be provided for free, and made publicly available on our website, to any EU Investment firm that registers for it.
• •            
• •             If you are a MiFID firm and do not agree with our approach, and instead believe that you must pay for written commentary or trade recommendations, then Astor Ridge will accept  payments determined by    you.
• •            
• •            
• •            
• •             I also direct you to our disclaimer on our email footer:
• •             This marketing was prepared by Christopher Williams, a consultant with Astor Ridge.  It is not appropriate to characterize this e-mail as independent investment research as referred to in MiFID and that it should be treated as a marketing communication even if it contains a trade recommendation. A history of marketing materials and research reports can be provided upon request in compliance with the European Commission's Market Abuse Regulation.  Astor Ridge takes no proprietary trading risk, has no market making facilities, and has no position in any security we discuss in this e-mail.  The views in this e-mail are those of the author(s) and are subject to change, and Astor Ridge has no obligation to update its opinions or the information in this publication. If this e-mail contains opinions or recommendations, those opinions or recommendations reflect solely and exclusively those of the author, and such opinions were prepared independently of any other interests, including those of Astor Ridge and/or its affiliates. This publication does not constitute personal investment advice or take into account the individual financial circumstances or objectives of the those who receive it. The securities discussed herein may not be suitable for all investors. Astor Ridge recommends that investors independently evaluate each issuer, security or instrument discussed herein, and consult any independent advisors they believe necessary. The value of, and income from, any investment may fluctuate from day to day as a result of changes in relevant economic markets (including changes in market liquidity). The information herein is not intended to predict actual results, which may differ substantially from those reflected. Past performance is not necessarily indicative of future results. 
• •            
• •             You should not use or disclose to any other person the contents of this e-mail or its attachments (if any), nor take copies. This e-mail is not a representation or warranty and is not intended nor should it be taken to create any legal relations, contractual or otherwise. This e-mail and any files transmitted with it are confidential, may be legally privileged, and are for the sole use of the intended recipient. Copyright in this e-mail and any accompanying document created by Astor Ridge LLP is owned by Astor Ridge LLP. 
• •            
• •             Astor Ridge LLP is regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA):  Registration Number 579287
• •             Astor Ridge LLP is Registered in England and Wales with Companies House:  Registration Number OC372185
• •             Astor Ridge NA LLP is a member of FINRA/SIPC:  CRD Number 282626
• •             Astor Ridge NA LLP is a member of the National Futures Association (NFA):  Firm ID Number 0499303
• •             Astor Ridge NA LLP is Registered in England and Wales with Companies House:  Registration Number OC401796
• •            
• •            
• •             If there is anything else you require from us to continue receiving our market communications, or prefer a different medium for access (e.g. publicly available password protected access on the Astor Ridge website), please do let me know.
• •            
• •             Otherwise, if you are more comfortable to deem consent by simply acknowledging receipt of this email, and continuing our trading relationship under our updated terms of business below, without registering your disapproval, we are happy to proceed on that basis.
• •            
• •             Many thanks,
• •            
• •             Chris

 

 

FX UPDATE : USD WEAKNESS LOOKS TO PREVAIL, MAYBE A SHORT PERIOD OF CONSOLIDATION BEFORE USD FREE FALL INTO MONTH END.

THE AUD IS THE MAIN CROSS TO WATCH HAVING POPPED BACK ABOVE ITS MULTI YEAR MOVING AVERAGE 0.7254, THUS HEADING A LOT HIGHER.

USD CAD HAS BREACHED ITS MAJOR 50 PERIOD MOVING AVERAGE 1.3175 AND HEADED LOWER!

HERE ARE A SELECTION OF USD CROSSES THAT MUST SURELY SEE THE USD FADE OVER TIME. SIMILAR TO THE BOND MARKET REJECTION OF ITS MARCH EXTREMES!

I HAVE USED NON-CORE CROSSES AS THEY ACHIEVED SOME MAJOR DISLOCATIONS IN MARCH SIMILAR TO US BONDS. I HAVE MARRIED THE USD WITH BRL,MXN,RUB AND CLP. THEY HIGHLIGHT BOTH USD AND US BONDS ARE HEADING LOWER FOR SOME TIME.

SOME CROSSES ARE AT MULTI YEAR EXTREMES AND REPRESENT A SIZEABLE LONGTERM TRADE OPPORTUNITY.

 

 

ASTOR RIDGE : Independent Ideas, Research, Liquidity, Anonymity and Trusted Experience.

 

• UK:         14-16 Dowgate Hill, London EC4R 2SU
• US:          245 Park Ave, 39^th Floor, NY, NY, 10167
• Office:   +44 (0) 203 143 4174
• Mobile:  +44 (0) 7980708683
• Email:     chris.williams@astorridge.com
• Web:       www.AstorRidge.com
•  
• •             I provide our research notification below for your convenience:
• •            
• •             Research Unbundling:
• •            
• •             Astor Ridge does not provide independent research. We have no dedicated or paid strategists, research portals, or research subscriptions. However, you may receive unsolicited marketing communications from our Introducing Brokers from time to time, which may refer to specific trade recommendations. These recommendations are based solely on the opinion of the author, and are not official research recommendations of Astor Ridge. We have considered guidance from ESMA, and any written material from our Introducing Brokers that might fall within the scope of the rules will be provided for free, and made publicly available on our website, to any EU Investment firm that registers for it.
• •            
• •             If you are a MiFID firm and do not agree with our approach, and instead believe that you must pay for written commentary or trade recommendations, then Astor Ridge will accept  payments determined by    you.
• •            
• •            
• •            
• •             I also direct you to our disclaimer on our email footer:
• •             This marketing was prepared by Christopher Williams, a consultant with Astor Ridge.  It is not appropriate to characterize this e-mail as independent investment research as referred to in MiFID and that it should be treated as a marketing communication even if it contains a trade recommendation. A history of marketing materials and research reports can be provided upon request in compliance with the European Commission's Market Abuse Regulation.  Astor Ridge takes no proprietary trading risk, has no market making facilities, and has no position in any security we discuss in this e-mail.  The views in this e-mail are those of the author(s) and are subject to change, and Astor Ridge has no obligation to update its opinions or the information in this publication. If this e-mail contains opinions or recommendations, those opinions or recommendations reflect solely and exclusively those of the author, and such opinions were prepared independently of any other interests, including those of Astor Ridge and/or its affiliates. This publication does not constitute personal investment advice or take into account the individual financial circumstances or objectives of the those who receive it. The securities discussed herein may not be suitable for all investors. Astor Ridge recommends that investors independently evaluate each issuer, security or instrument discussed herein, and consult any independent advisors they believe necessary. The value of, and income from, any investment may fluctuate from day to day as a result of changes in relevant economic markets (including changes in market liquidity). The information herein is not intended to predict actual results, which may differ substantially from those reflected. Past performance is not necessarily indicative of future results. 
• •            
• •             You should not use or disclose to any other person the contents of this e-mail or its attachments (if any), nor take copies. This e-mail is not a representation or warranty and is not intended nor should it be taken to create any legal relations, contractual or otherwise. This e-mail and any files transmitted with it are confidential, may be legally privileged, and are for the sole use of the intended recipient. Copyright in this e-mail and any accompanying document created by Astor Ridge LLP is owned by Astor Ridge LLP. 
• •            
• •             Astor Ridge LLP is regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA):  Registration Number 579287
• •             Astor Ridge LLP is Registered in England and Wales with Companies House:  Registration Number OC372185
• •             Astor Ridge NA LLP is a member of FINRA/SIPC:  CRD Number 282626
• •             Astor Ridge NA LLP is a member of the National Futures Association (NFA):  Firm ID Number 0499303
• •             Astor Ridge NA LLP is Registered in England and Wales with Companies House:  Registration Number OC401796
• •            
• •            
• •             If there is anything else you require from us to continue receiving our market communications, or prefer a different medium for access (e.g. publicly available password protected access on the Astor Ridge website), please do let me know.
• •            
• •             Otherwise, if you are more comfortable to deem consent by simply acknowledging receipt of this email, and continuing our trading relationship under our updated terms of business below, without registering your disapproval, we are happy to proceed on that basis.
• •            
• •             Many thanks,
• •            
• •             Chris

 

 

STOCKS : EQUITIES ARE HOLDING IN WELL BUT SOME US SINGLE STOCKS LOOK HEAVY PROVIDING PROOF OF A POSSIBLE LONGTERM TOP.

THE DAILY RSI'S ARE ALL NOW VERY OVER BOUGHT.

SINGLE STOCKS ARE CLOSE TO RECENT HIGHS SO WOULD NEED TO FORM NEW HIGHS OR THEY WILL FORM A MAJOR LONGTERM TOP, A LOT TO PLAY FOR.

I DO BELIEVE WE WILL ONLY SEE THE REAL ECONOMIC IMPACT NEXT YEAR.

 

ASTOR RIDGE : Independent Ideas, Research, Liquidity, Anonymity and Trusted Experience.

 

• UK:         14-16 Dowgate Hill, London EC4R 2SU
• US:          245 Park Ave, 39^th Floor, NY, NY, 10167
• Office:   +44 (0) 203 143 4174
• Mobile:  +44 (0) 7980708683
• Email:     chris.williams@astorridge.com
• Web:       www.AstorRidge.com
•  
• •             I provide our research notification below for your convenience:
• •            
• •             Research Unbundling:
• •            
• •             Astor Ridge does not provide independent research. We have no dedicated or paid strategists, research portals, or research subscriptions. However, you may receive unsolicited marketing communications from our Introducing Brokers from time to time, which may refer to specific trade recommendations. These recommendations are based solely on the opinion of the author, and are not official research recommendations of Astor Ridge. We have considered guidance from ESMA, and any written material from our Introducing Brokers that might fall within the scope of the rules will be provided for free, and made publicly available on our website, to any EU Investment firm that registers for it.
• •            
• •             If you are a MiFID firm and do not agree with our approach, and instead believe that you must pay for written commentary or trade recommendations, then Astor Ridge will accept  payments determined by    you.
• •            
• •            
• •            
• •             I also direct you to our disclaimer on our email footer:
• •             This marketing was prepared by Christopher Williams, a consultant with Astor Ridge.  It is not appropriate to characterize this e-mail as independent investment research as referred to in MiFID and that it should be treated as a marketing communication even if it contains a trade recommendation. A history of marketing materials and research reports can be provided upon request in compliance with the European Commission's Market Abuse Regulation.  Astor Ridge takes no proprietary trading risk, has no market making facilities, and has no position in any security we discuss in this e-mail.  The views in this e-mail are those of the author(s) and are subject to change, and Astor Ridge has no obligation to update its opinions or the information in this publication. If this e-mail contains opinions or recommendations, those opinions or recommendations reflect solely and exclusively those of the author, and such opinions were prepared independently of any other interests, including those of Astor Ridge and/or its affiliates. This publication does not constitute personal investment advice or take into account the individual financial circumstances or objectives of the those who receive it. The securities discussed herein may not be suitable for all investors. Astor Ridge recommends that investors independently evaluate each issuer, security or instrument discussed herein, and consult any independent advisors they believe necessary. The value of, and income from, any investment may fluctuate from day to day as a result of changes in relevant economic markets (including changes in market liquidity). The information herein is not intended to predict actual results, which may differ substantially from those reflected. Past performance is not necessarily indicative of future results. 
• •            
• •             You should not use or disclose to any other person the contents of this e-mail or its attachments (if any), nor take copies. This e-mail is not a representation or warranty and is not intended nor should it be taken to create any legal relations, contractual or otherwise. This e-mail and any files transmitted with it are confidential, may be legally privileged, and are for the sole use of the intended recipient. Copyright in this e-mail and any accompanying document created by Astor Ridge LLP is owned by Astor Ridge LLP. 
• •            
• •             Astor Ridge LLP is regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA):  Registration Number 579287
• •             Astor Ridge LLP is Registered in England and Wales with Companies House:  Registration Number OC372185
• •             Astor Ridge NA LLP is a member of FINRA/SIPC:  CRD Number 282626
• •             Astor Ridge NA LLP is a member of the National Futures Association (NFA):  Firm ID Number 0499303
• •             Astor Ridge NA LLP is Registered in England and Wales with Companies House:  Registration Number OC401796
• •            
• •            
• •             If there is anything else you require from us to continue receiving our market communications, or prefer a different medium for access (e.g. publicly available password protected access on the Astor Ridge website), please do let me know.
• •            
• •             Otherwise, if you are more comfortable to deem consent by simply acknowledging receipt of this email, and continuing our trading relationship under our updated terms of business below, without registering your disapproval, we are happy to proceed on that basis.
• •            
• •             Many thanks,
• •            
• •             Chris